氧化铈纳米材料在肿瘤治疗中应用的进展

The progress of application of cerium oxide nanomaterials in tumor therapy

氧化铈纳米粒子(cerium oxide nanoparticles,CeO_(2)NPs)具有纳米酶的活性,又因其独特的氧化还原的表面化学性质、高稳定性和生物相容性在肿瘤治疗中得到了广泛的利用。CeO_(2)纳米材料的类酶活性主要包括过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)。一方面,CeO_(2)NPs的类SOD、CAT模拟酶的活性表现出抗氧化活性的作用,既可以保护正常细胞免受氧化应激的损害又可以改善肿瘤的缺氧微环境。另一方面,CeO_(2)纳米材料的类POD模拟酶的活性表现出氧化活性的作用,可以有效地杀伤肿瘤细胞。本篇对CeO_(2)NPs及其类酶活性在放疗、免疫治疗、光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)、化学动力疗法(chemodynamic therapy,CDT)及其联合的化疗、靶向、饥饿治疗(starving therapy,ST)等这些疗法中的应用进行了具体阐述,并对CeO_(2)NPs在应用中可能面临的挑战、障碍并提出自己的见解,旨在为纳米材料在肿瘤方面的应用起到一定的推动作用。

Cerium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)NPs)have nano-enzyme activity and have been widely used in tumor therapy due to their unique redox surface chemistry,high stability,and biocompatibility.The enzyme-like activities of CeO_(2)NPs mainly include catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD).On the one hand,the SOD-like and CAT-like mimetic enzymes of CeO_(2)NPs exhibit antioxidant activity,which can protect normal cells from oxidative stress and improve the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors.On the other hand,the POD-like mimetic enzymes of CeO_(2)NPs exhibit oxidative activity,which can effectively kill tumor cells.This review of CeO_(2)NPs and their enzyme-like activities in radiotherapy,immunotherapy,photodynamic therapy(PDT),chemodynamic therapy(CDT)and its combination with chemotherapy,targeted and starving therapy(ST)is presented,and the challenges and obstacles they face and their insights are presented,aiming to play a role in promoting the application of nanomaterials in tumor.