中国文学的集体认同

The Collective Identity of Chinese Literature

中国文学的集体认同研究的重点在于考察中国古代集体性的文学观念,其目的是在传统文学批评史之外寻找另一种阐释路径,寻找和解释古代文学的"中国问题"。中国文学的集体认同不是事实判断,而是价值判断。它反映的是中国古人所宗奉和追求的文学信仰与理想,是集体的文化记忆。古代文学的范畴、概念、关键词等是较显性的集体认同,隐性的集体认同往往散落在零碎的文献记载中,隐藏在人们普遍的思想框架、公共知识或日常生活的俗语常谈里,或者体现在文体观念与类书撰写中,在官方书籍的集体编纂或民间的故事与观念之中。所以不但需要一番爬罗剔抉的功夫,更需要以敏锐的眼光,发现语言深处所隐藏的中国文学集体认同。

Focusing on the collective conception of literature in ancient China,the collective identity of Chinese literature seeks to establish an alternative approach of interpretation beyond the traditional history of literary criticism,so as to identify and understand the problem of China in ancient Chinese literature.The collective identity of Chinese literature is a value judgment,rather than a factual judgment.It is a collective cultural memory that conveys the literary beliefs and ideals espoused and pursued by ancient Chinese people.Unlike the more explicit collective identity manifested in literary categories,concepts,and keywords,the implicit collective identity is often scattered in fragmentary documents,embedded in people's general thinking frameworks,in public knowledge or everyday common talks.It may also be reflected in stylistic concepts and the writings of encyclopedias and reference works,in collectively compiled official books,or in stories and perceptions of the folk.Therefore,we need to make an effort to collect a wide range of selected literary works,and more importantly,we must have a keen eye to discover the collective identity of Chinese literature that is embedded in the profundity of language.