近代女性小说的"空白之页"——从"黄翠凝"与"黄璧魂"在文学史与妇女史中的裂变谈起

The"Blank Page of Modern Female Novels——From the Fission of"Huang Cuining" and "Huang Bihun"in Literary History and Female History

文学史上著名的近代女作家"黄翠凝",与妇女史中的妇女运动先驱"黄璧魂",实则为同一人。合而观之,可知她完整参与了从晚清基于西方资产阶级"天赋人权"观念的女权学说,到五四以科学社会主义作为妇女运动理论武器的转变历程,为妇女史研究提供了一个稀有样本。与此同时,她也是目前已知的唯一一位在创作上横跨晚清、民初和五四的女小说家。她的小说不仅折射了近代中国女权思想的嬗变,在形式上也求新求变,其对白话语体和限制性叙事视角的娴熟操控,细腻的心理描写和"自叙传"的写作倾向,乃至"对话体"小说的先锋实验,堪称具有现代意义的小说先声之一。"黄璧魂"与"黄翠凝"的合一,补全了近代女性小说的"空白之页",是文学史与妇女史两大研究领域的重要创获。

Huang Cuining,a famous modern female writer in literary history,and Huang Bihun,a pioneer of the feminist movement in women's history,were actually the same person.If we take them together,we could see that she completely participated in the transformation from the western feminist theory based on the bourgeois concept of"natural rights"in the late Qing Dynasty to scientific socialism as a theoretical weapon of the women's movement in the May 4th period,providing a rare sample for the study of women's history.Meanwhile,she was the only female novelist whose works with a wide span--from the late Qing Dynasty,to the early Republic of China and the May 4th movement.Her novels not only reflected the evolution of feminist thought in modern China,but sought innovation and changes in form.Her skills in the vernacular style and restricted narration,and her detailed psychological depiction and the autobiographical tendency in writing,as well as her experimental dialogic novel,could be regarded as one of the pioneering novels with modern significance.The unity of"Huang Bihun""and"Huang Cuining"filled the blank but important page of modern female novels,which was a great achievement in both literary history and female history.