重力喂养联合腹部按摩对低出生体质量早产儿的喂养耐受性、消化功能与生长发育的影响

Effects of gravity feeding combined with abdominal massage on feeding tolerance,digestive function,and growth in low birth weight premature infants

目的 探讨重力喂养联合腹部按摩对低出生体质量早产儿(LBWPI)的喂养耐受性、消化功能与生长发育的影响。方法 选取于广东省广州市第一人民医院南沙医院新生儿科出生的150例LBWPI作为研究对象,并将其随机分为对照组和研究组,每组75例。对照组早产儿行常规间断鼻饲喂养,研究组早产儿行重力喂养联合腹部按摩,两组均持续干预4周。比较两组早产儿喂养不耐受(FI)发生情况、消化功能、生长发育指标,以及恢复至出生体质量时间、胃管留置时间和住院时间。结果 干预期间,研究组早产儿FI发生率低于对照组,每日排便次数、每日排便量均多于对照组,胎便排尽时间、每日胃潴留量、达到完全胃肠道喂养时间均短于/少于对照组(均P<0.05)。研究组早产儿出生时至出生第14天的体质量、身长和头围的增加值均大于对照组;研究组早产儿恢复至出生体质量时间、胃管留置时间、住院时间均短于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 重力喂养联合腹部按摩可降低LBWPI FI发生率,促进胃肠道功能的恢复,改善生长发育,缩短胃管留置时间和住院时间。

Objective To investigate the effects of gravity feeding combined with abdominal massage on feeding tolerance,digestive function,and growth in low birth weight premature infants(LBWPI).Methods A total of 150 LBWPI born in the Department of Neonatology,Nansha District Central Hospital Guangzhou First People′s Hospital,were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into a control group or a research group,with 75 cases in each group.The control group received conventional intermittent nasal feeding,the research group received gravity feeding combined with abdominal massage,and both groups were intervened continuously for 4 weeks.The incidence of feeding intolerance(FI),digestive function,growth indexes,time to regain birth weight,retention time of gastric tube,and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results During the intervention,the incidence of FI in the research group was lower than that in the control group,the daily defecation frequency and daily defecation amount were more than those of the control group,and the meconium exhaustion time,daily gastric retention amount,and time to complete gastrointestinal feeding were shorter/less than those of the control group(all P<0.05).The increases in body weight,body length,and head circumference from birth to the 14th day after birth in the research group were larger than those in the control group,while the time to regain birth weight,retention time of gastric tube,and hospital stay of the research group were shorter than those of the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Gravity feeding combined with abdominal massage can reduce the incidence of FI,promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function,improve growth,and shorten the retention time of gastric tube and hospital stay for LBWPI.