构建现代道教教义体系若干问题探析

The Analysis of Some Issues in the Construction of a Modern Taoist Doctrine System

构建适应中国特色社会主义新时代的道教教义体系,是道教坚持中国化方向的基本要求。现代道教教义体系的构建,应着力解决以下问题:一是道教“杂而多端”是否意味着没有核心教义?二是道教的最高信仰是道,这个最高信仰如何通过神仙崇拜体现出来?三是如何消解“逆修成仙”与“道法自然”之间的张力?四是对“长生不死”的终极追求如何作出现代解释?五是“我命在我不在天”的自信是否意味着终极解脱全凭自力?六是现代教义体系通过什么方式进行表达比较合适?文章对如何解答以上问题作了初步探讨,以期推动道教中国化行稳致远。

Constructing a Taoist doctrine system that adapts to the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the basic requirement for Taoism to adhere to the principle of developing religions in the Chinese context.To construct a modern Taoist doctrine system,the following problems should be solved:The first is Taoism has extensive and diverse characteristics,does it mean that it has no core teachings?The second is that the highest belief in Taoism is the Tao.How is it reflected in the worship of transcendents?The third is how to resolve the tension between the ideas"reverse the natural mechanism of transformation to evolve towards transcendents"and"the law of Tao is its being self-sufficient"?The fourth is how to make a modern interpretation of the ultimate pursuit of"immortality"?The fifth is if the confident idea“My destiny is within me and not from Heaven”means that the ultimate liberation depends entirely on self-reliance?The sixth is what would be the most appropriate way to express the modern doctrine system?This article makes a preliminary discussion on the above questions in order to promote the steady and long-term development of Taoism in the Chinese context.