空间视域下中华民族共同体的形成与演变过程

The Formation and Evolution Process of Chinese National Community in Spatial Perspective

西方空间理论,逐渐脱离传统的纯物理、实证科学的狭隘范围,从物理学向现象学转移,研究范式从结构论向空间论转变的过程中逐步形成。从“东西南北中”的“五方”方位到“天人合一”的宇宙观,中国人的空间体系概念在古代先民中早已形成、演变和发展。从“中国”到“中华民族”,再从“中华民族”到“中华民族共同体”空间概念的演变过程是空间在时间、社会等多种维度上不断发生变化、流动和融合的一系列反应。到元明清时期,“中华民族”与“中华民族共同体”的基本空间框架被确立。中华民族共同体空间概念及其功能和意义从帝国体制贯穿到普通民众日常生活和社会关系中,并形成了不断流动和融合的实践体系。从而“农耕与游牧互补”“中央与边疆互构”等多重结构勾勒出中华民族共同体社会的基本图景。

Western spatial theory has gradually moved away from the narrow scope of the traditional purely physical and empirical sciences, shifting from physics to phenomenology and from structural theory to spatial theory in the process of research paradigms. From the "five directions" of "east, west, north, south and centre" to the "unity of heaven and man" concept of the universe, the Chinese concept of the spatial system was already formed, developed and refined among the ancient ancestors. From "China" to "Chinese nation",and then from "Chinese nation" to "Chinese national community", the development of the concept of space is a series of responses to the continuous changes, flows and integration of space in various dimensions such as time and society. Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties established the basic spatial framework of the "Chinese nation" and the "Chinese national community". The spatial concept of the Chinese nation and its functions and meanings moved from the imperial system to the everyday life and social relations of the ordinary people, forming a system of practice that was constantly fluid and integrated. Thus, multiple structures, such as the complementarity of agriculture and nomadism and the interconnection of the central and border regions, form a basic image of the Chinese national community.