节日的跨民族传播与地方性实践——以德昂族重阳节为例

Cross-ethnic Communication and Local Practice of Festivals——Taking The De'ang Double Ninth Festival Festival as an Example

重阳节是中华民族传统节日,也是首批国家级非遗项目。随着传统节日的复兴和主流意识形态的重视,重阳节尊老敬老习俗被凸显,成为重阳节最重要的文化符号。近些年来,重阳节在德昂族地区广泛传播与深入发展。同时,结合本民族文化资源,德昂族对重阳节加以创造性阐释和文化实践。经由自上而下的政府推动与自下而上的地方实践,重阳节成为德昂族节日体系的组成部分,在这一过程中,非遗话语体系发挥了重要作用。非遗具有公共文化属性,应对以往非遗研究中的“文化族别化”取向进行反思,着重关注非遗的跨民族传播实践,从动态角度呈现民族交往交流交融现实,发掘非遗在铸牢中华民族共同体意识中的作用。

The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese festival and the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects.With the revival of traditional festivals and the emphasis on mainstream ideology, the custom of respecting the elderly in the Double Ninth Festival is emphasised, and it has become the most important cultural symbol of the Double Ninth Festival. In recent years, the Double Ninth Festival has been widely spread and deeply developed in the De'ang region. At the same time, the De'ang ethnic group,combined with its own ethnic cultural resources, has carried out a creative interpretation and cultural practice of the Double Ninth Festival. Through the government's top-down push and the local bottom-up practice, the Double Ninth Festival has become an integral part of the De'ang festival system. In this process, the discourse system of intangible cultural heritage has played an important role. Since intangible cultural heritage has public cultural characteristics, we should reflect on the "cultural ethnicity" orientation of previous studies on intangible cultural heritage, focus on the inter-ethnic transmission practices of intangible cultural heritage, present the reality of interactions and exchanges among ethnic groups from a dynamic perspective, and explore the role of intangible cultural heritage in strengthening the consciousness of the Chinese national community.