农业转移人口市民化面临的突出问题与政策建议

The Outstanding Problems and Policy Advice of the Citizenization of Agricultural Transfer Population

促进农业转移人口市民化,既是畅通城乡要素流动、实现高质量发展的内在要求,也是接续推进和拓展中国式现代化的重要任务。农业转移人口落户意愿下降,居住证赋权不充分,“人钱”“人地”挂钩政策对城市政府激励效果不理想,农村“三权”财产权益彰显和有偿退出机制缺失,共同导致农业转移人口市民化进展缓慢。在现代化新征程上,应转变促进农业转移人口市民化的思路,不再单纯追求户籍人口城镇化率目标,而是着力推进城市基本公共服务与城市户籍脱钩并向常住人口全覆盖,推进农村土地权益和政策福利与农村户籍脱钩、与权证和目标特征挂钩,提升“人钱”“人地”挂钩政策的激励效果,提升农村“三权”有偿退出对农业转移人口市民化的支撑能力。

Promoting the citizenization of agricultural transfer population is not only the internal requirement of smoothing the flow of urban and rural factors and achieving high-quality development,but also an important task to continue to promote and expand Chinese path to modernization.The willingness of agricultural transfer population to settle down has decreased.The empowerment of residence permits is insufficient.The incentive effect of the“people-money”and“people-land”linkage policies on urban governments is ineffective.The rural“three rights”are increasingly valuable and lack of paid exit mechanisms.All the above have jointly led to slow progress in the citizenization of agricultural transfer population.In the new journey of modernization,a new approach should be adopted to promote the citizenization of agricultural transfer population.Rather than aiming at the objective of the urbanization rate of registered residents,it needs to prioritize the decoupling of basic urban public services from urban household registration and ensure that all residents have access to these services.Similarly,it is crucial to decouple rural land rights and policy welfare from rural household registration,while linking them to rights certificates and target features.It needs to enhance the effectiveness of“people-money”and“people-land”linkage policies as well.Additionally,the rural“three rights”paid exit mechanism must be fortified to provide necessary support for the citizenization of agricultural transfer population.