臀肌腱病的诊疗进展

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gluteal tendinopathy

臀肌腱病(GT)是目前临床上最常见的下肢肌腱病。其病因与臀中肌或臀小肌联系密切,多与其止点肌腱病变有关,伴或不伴滑囊发炎。患者多会出现股骨大转子上或其周围的疼痛和压痛,疼痛可放射到大腿外侧。明确诊断GT不仅需要结合临床症状和体征,还需要根据临床诊断性测试,但也离不开X线、磁共振成像(MRI)、肌肉骨骼超声等医学影像及相关技术的支持。本病通过运动训练、负荷调整、物理治疗等保守治疗多数可取得良好的疗效,保守治疗不理想者也可采取手术治疗。本文从发病原因、诊断与评估、治疗等方面对GT进行论述,详细分析并总结,以期为临床防治本病提供参考和思路。

Gluteal tendinopathy(GT)is the most common tendinopathy of lower extremities.Its etiology is closely related to the gluteus medius or gluteus minimus muscle,mostly related to the tendinopathyof its insertion,with or without bursa inflammation.GT patients often have pain and tenderness on or around the greater trochanter of the femur that radiates to the lateral thigh.A definite diagnosis of GT requires relies on the examination of clinical symptoms and signs,as well as clinical diagnostic tests,and imaging examinations like X-ray,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),musculoskeletal ultrasound and other technologies.GT can be well treated through exercise training,load adjustment,physical therapy and other conservative treatment,and those who have not achieved an ideal outcome can be treated with surgery.This reviewanalyzes and summarizes the causes,diagnosis and evaluation,and treatment of GT,aiming to provide reference and ideas for clinical prevention and treatment.