电磁环境作业官兵电磁认知情况的初步调查

Preliminary investigation on electromagnetic cognition of officers and soldiers working in electromagnetic environments

目的调查电磁环境作业官兵对电磁辐射的认知现状。方法以空军雷达站及陆军防空旅作业官兵为对象,采用自制问卷调查电磁辐射基础知识及电磁辐射对健康影响的主观认知现状,并分析影响认知的相关因素。结果共调查受试者398例。调查对象对电磁辐射基本知识了解程度不高,答对题数超过一半者仅占10.3%。答题正确数与学历程度呈正相关(rs>0,P=0.011)。此外,大多数受试官兵认为电磁辐射会对人体造成轻微的非实质性损伤(171/398,43.0%)。受试官兵主观上认为电磁辐射可能损伤人体的程度与军龄、年龄、学历存在正相关关系(rs均>0,P均<0.01),但与对电磁基础知识的正确认知程度之间无相关关系(P=0.209)。结论空军雷达站与陆军防空旅官兵对电磁辐射的认知情况有待进一步加强,适当进行电磁辐射基本知识科普讲座、电磁辐射健康宣教具有必要性。

Objective To investigate the cognitive status of electromagnetic radiation among officers and soldiers working in electromagnetic environments.Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the basic knowledge of electromagnetic radiation and the subjective cognitive status of the impact of electromagnetic radiation on health among officers and soldiers working at air force radar stations and army air defense brigades,and relevant factors affecting cognition were analyzed.Results A total of 398 subjects were surveyed.The survey respondents had a low level of understanding of the basic knowledge of electromagnetic radiation,and only 10.3%answered more than half of the questions correctly.The number of correct answers was positively correlated with educational level(rs>0,P=0.011).In addition,most of the tested officers and soldiers believed that electromagnetic radiation could cause slight non substantial damage to the human body(171/398,43.0%).Subjectively,the awareness of the degree of potential harm to the human body caused by electromagnetic radiation among the tested officers and soldiers was positively correlated with military age,age,and educational background(rs>0,P<0.01),but there was no correlation with the correct understanding of electromagnetic basic knowledge(P=0.209).Conclusion The understanding of electromagnetic radiation among officers and soldiers in the air force radar stations and the army air defense brigades needs to be further strengthened.It is necessary to conduct appropriate lectures on basic knowledge of electromagnetic radiation and health education on electromagnetic radiation.