有氧运动结合正念防复吸联合方案对药物依赖者复吸倾向的干预研究

Effects of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Mindfulness-based Relapse Prevention Programs on the Relapse Tendency in Drug Abusers

目的:探讨有氧运动和正念防复吸疗法以及联合方案对药物依赖者复吸倾向的干预效果并比较可能存在的差异。方法:将48名药物依赖者随机分为正念组、运动组、联合方案组和对照组,分别进行相应的干预或控制。干预为期8周,在干预前、中、后和干预结束后4周对药物依赖者的复吸倾向、负性情绪和经验回避水平进行评估。结果:1)正念组和联合方案组均能显著降低药物依赖者复吸倾向,效果维持到干预结束后4周。其中,联合方案组在干预4周时就有显著改善作用,且在随访阶段时复吸倾向的改变量仍显著优于对照组;2)在负性情绪上,正念组和联合方案组的负性情绪在基线时最高,并显著高于干预开始后的各个阶段;3)在经验回避水平上,3种干预方案均有显著改善作用,但正念组和联合方案组的改善效果可维持到干预结束后4周,在随访阶段时经验回避水平的改变量仍显著优于对照组。结论:相较于有氧运动,正念防复吸疗法在药物依赖者复吸倾向上的改善效果更佳;8周联合方案对药物依赖者复吸倾向的干预效果优于单一干预方案。

Objective:To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise,mindfulness-based relapse prevention programs(MBRP),and the combination of them on relapse tendency in drug abusers.Methods:48 drug abusers were randomly divided into a MBRP group,an exercise group,a combined group,and a control group,the certain interventions were conducted in each group.The duration of intervention was 8 weeks,and the drug abusers’relapse tendency,negative emotions,and levels of experiential avoidance were assessed at before,middle,after the intervention and at 4 weeks after the end of the intervention.Results:1)Both of the MBRP and combination program reduced the relapse tendency in drug abusers significantly,and the effects were maintained to 4 weeks after the intervention.The combination program showed significant improvement at 4 weeks of the intervention and the effects were also better than the control group at the follow-up stage.2)The negative emotions in the mindfulness and combined groups were highest at baseline,and it was also higher than at any stage during intervention.3)All of the three intervention programs had a significant improvement on experiential avoidance,and the improvement effect of the MBRP and combination program was maintained to 4 weeks after the intervention,the effects were also better than the control group at the follow-up stage.Conclusion:Compared to aerobic exercise,MBRP is more effective in improving the relapse tendency in drug abusers.The combined 8-week program is more effective than the single-intervention program in intervening the tendency to relapse in drug abusers.