激光熔覆高温防护涂层研究现状及发展方向

Research Status and Development of Laser Cladding High Temperature Protective Coating

本文对航空航天、汽车工业和火力发电等领域热端部件高温防护涂层的研究现状和成果进行了总结,分析了激光熔覆制备涂层可能产生的缺陷种类及形成原因,最后指出激光熔覆技术未来发展所面临的困难和挑战,并对该技术的发展方向和趋势进行展望。

In aerospace,automobile,power generation and other industrial fields,many crucial hot end components such as aviation engine,automobile engine,coal(oil,gas)boiler and turbine blades,valve components,superheater tube etc.are servicing in high temperature-,high pressure-,corrosion-environments for a long time,thus which suffered easily from surface oxidation-or corrosion-damages.The preparation of high temperature protective coating on the surface of those parts is an important technical means to improve their service performance.The mechanical bonding strength of the coating prepared by thermal spraying is not high,and the coating is usually porous.Under the condition of high temperature,corrosion is easy to occur through pores,and even penetrate the coating onto the matrix,which is not conducive to the high temperature corrosion protection of the workpiece.Laser cladding technology is an advanced and rapidly developing surface modification technology,which can make a very strong metallurgical combination for the cladding materials with the matrix,but also has the advantages of coatings with high compactness,low dilution rate,and environmentally friendly etc.This paper first summarizes the research status and achievements of high-temperature protective coatings for hot-end components in industries such as aerospace,automotive,and power generation.Secondly,it analyzes the types of defects that may occur during laser cladding for coating preparation and the cause for their formation.Finally,it points out the difficulties and challenges faced by the future development of laser cladding technology and prospects for its development direction and trend.