隐形的亚裔美国人:美国K-12历史课程标准研究

Invisible Asian Americans:A Study of American K-12 History Curriculum Standards

亚裔美国人长期以来被视为美国社会的局外人,其历史也被美国K-12历史课程标准所忽略。通过分析美国10个州K-12历史课程标准内容,发现这些州的亚裔历史课程标准在年级分布、事件数量、时间跨度和内容深度方面有着较大的差异,主要围绕着“亚裔移民”“反亚裔移民”“亚裔美国人的贡献”“亚裔美国人的民权活动”四个主题,描绘出亚裔美国人不同的历史形象。然而,这些州历史课程标准中的亚裔美国人历史存在着断裂性,未能清晰、完整地呈现其历史;忽视亚裔美国人所作的社会贡献和反对种族歧视的民权活动,并倾向于将亚裔美国人描述为“被压迫者”和“外来者”;忽略亚裔美国人群体的多样性和复杂性。为完善历史课程标准中的亚裔美国人历史,促进历史课程标准内容的多元化,需要加强亚裔美国人组织的支持,推动公立学校的族裔研究,使教师形成批判性历史教学思维。

Asian Americans have long been regarded as outsiders in American society,and their history has also been ignored by the K-12 history curriculum standard of the United States.By analyzing the content of K-12 history curriculum standards in 10 states in the United States,it is found that there are significant differences in the distribution of grades,number of events,time span,and depth of content among Asian history curriculum standards in these states,and mainly revolves around four themes:"Asian immigrants""anti Asian immigrants""Asian Americans'contributions"and"Asian Americans'civil rights activities",depicting different historical images of Asian Americans.However,the history of Asian Americans in history curriculum standards of these states is fragmented and fails to present their history clearly and completely;neglecting the social contributions made by Asian Americans and the civil rights activities against racial discrimination,and tending to describe Asian Americans as"oppressed"and"outsiders";ignored the diversity and complexity of the Asian American community.In order to improve the history of Asian Americans in the history curriculum standard and promote the diversification of the content of the history curriculum standard,it is necessary to strengthen the support of Asian American organizations,promote ethnic studies in public schools,and enable teachers to form critical history teaching thinking.