国内商业模式创新研究现状探析:反常问题与类型学的双导向视角

The State Quo of the Business Model Innovation Researches in China:A Dual Oriented Perspective of Anomaly and Typology

针对“找补文献缺口法”和研究工具驱动法导致国内商业模式创新(BMI)研究面临学科贡献不显的窘境,本文提出“双导向视角”思路:从冲突中获取研究问题的反常问题导向视角,以优化类型划分为研究目标的类型学导向视角,再以此审视CSSCI(2019—2020)中BMI文献的表现。研究表明:(1)反常问题分3类:有实践无理论类、无强理论类和并存多种强理论类,它们有助于构造更多有趣的研究问题。(2)解决反常问题的成果归为3类:新理论类、理论优化类和理论融合类。这种类型学导向的思路将在优化理论和指导实践者方面形成更多研究贡献。(3)国内现有BMI文献在前因变量、基本构念、结果变量、中间变量方面累积了大量成果,但是提出研究问题、理论开发过程和结果、理论检验方法采纳上表现出不均衡状态,这也由此打开了新的研究空间。这些工作对BMI领域摆脱研究窘境有参考作用,并增添管理研究方法论新内容。

Nowadays,it is awkward that domestic business model innovation(BMI)researches contribute little to the science and this is because they,follow the thought of“finding and filling gaps”and use research tool-driven methods.In this paper,we introduce the idea of“double orientation perspective”:obtaining the anomaly-driven perspective of research targets from the conflict,and taking the optimi-zation type as the typology-driven perspective of research objectives.And then we examine the performance of BMI literature in CSSCI(2019—2020).The research conclusions are as follows.(1)Anomaly problems can be divided into three categories:practice without theory,no strong theory and coexistence of multiple strong theory,which help to construct more interesting research targets.(2)The re-search results of solving anomaly problems fall into three categories:new theory,theoretical optimization and theoretical integration.This typology-driven idea will generate more research contributions in optimizing theory and guiding practitioners.(3)The existing BMI litera-ture in China has accumulated a lot of achievements in antecedent variables,basic constructs,outcome variables and intermediate varia-bles.However,there is an imbalance in giving research targets,implementing theorizing process,obtaining results and adopting theoreti-cal test methods,which also opens new research space.These works provide meaningful reference for the existing BMI researches to find a way out,and add new contents to the existing management research methodology.