黄冈市乡村聚落空间分布特征及影响因素

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Settlements in Huanggang City

探索乡村聚落空间分布特征,对合理规划农村建设用地,优化乡村聚落布局,改善乡村居民生活水平具有重要的现实意义。以黄冈市为研究对象,利用GIS技术手段,分析了黄冈市乡村聚落空间分布特征,探究了自然与社会因素对乡村聚落空间分布产生的影响。结果表明:黄冈市乡村聚落为“大集聚、小分散”的分布模式,呈东南—西北向椭圆分布特征,集中分布在中部及东南地区;聚落多分布在高程0~345 m及坡度0°~120°区域上;距河流、道路5 000 m内的区域分别覆盖99.98%、98.88%的乡村聚落;聚落随着人口的增多逐渐外延且集聚。黄冈市乡村聚落空间分布差异较大,并与自然—社会系统具有密切的联系。

Exploring the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements is of great practical significance for rational planning of rural construction land,optimizing the layout of rural settlements,and improving the living standards of rural residents.Taking Huanggang city as the research object,the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Huanggang city were analyzed by GIS technology,and the influence of natural and social factors on the spatial distribution of rural settlements was explored.The results show that the rural settlements in Huanggang city are distributed in the distribution mode of"large agglomeration and small dispersion",with the characteristics of southeast-northwest elliptical distribution,concentrated in the central and southeast regions.The settlements are mostly distributed in the area of elevation 0~345 m and slope 0°~120°.The area within 5000 m of the river and road covers 99.98%and 98.88%of the rural settlements,respectively.Settlements gradually extend and cluster with the increase of population.The spatial distribution of rural settlements in Huanggang city is quite different,and it has a close relationship with the natural-social system.