构建残疾儿童“适宜融合”的教育生态:价值意蕴、现实依据与路径举措

Constructing an Educational Ecology for the"Suitable Inclusion"of Children with Disabilities:Value Implications,Realistic Basis,and Practical Initiatives

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中强调,坚持以人民为中心发展教育,加快建设高质量教育体系,强化特殊教育普惠发展。在此背景下,构建残疾儿童“适宜融合”的教育生态,对落实“办好人民满意的教育”,提升特殊教育现代化治理水平,推进融合教育发展转型升级具有重要意义。目前我国随班就读“合而不融”的实际现状,特殊教育政策法规的目标要求以及国外融合教育的实践探索,为我国构建残疾儿童“适宜融合”的教育生态提供了现实依据。为实现特殊教育“适宜融合”的发展目标,需进一步提高社会各界对融合教育的价值认同感,构建多元主体协同共治的融合教育机制,推进融合教育专业保障能力建设,提升普通学校融合教育课程教学水平。

General Secretary Xi Jinping,in his report to the 2Oth National Congress of the Communist Party of China,stressed the need to insist on people-centred development of education,accelerate the construction of a high-quality education system,and strengthen the inclusive development of special education.In this context,the construction of a"suitable inclusion"educational ecology for children with disabilities is of great significance in realizing"people-satisfied education",enhancing the level of modern governance of special education,and promoting the transformation and upgrading of inclusive education development.At present,the actual situation of"Learning in Regular Class"in China,where students with disabilities are"included but not fully integrated",along with the goals and requirements of special education policies and regulations,as well as the practical explorations of inclusive education abroad,provides a practical foundation for constructing a"suitable inclusion"educational ecosystem for children with disabilities.To achieve the development goal of"suitable inclusion"in special education,it is essential to further enhance the recognition of the value of inclusive education among various sectors of society,construct an inclusive education mechanism with the cooperation and governance of multiple subjects,promote the construction of professional guarantee capacity of inclusive education,and improve the level of teaching and learning of inclusive education in regular schools.