北京城市功能空间演进的结构模式与聚合规律

Evolution of urban functional space in Beijing:Modes and aggregation laws

北京经历了增量时代转向存量优化并正处于空间更新提质的新阶段,而城市功能空间演进是发展转型进程的重要标志与空间载体。依据长时间序列的北京城市功能变化数据集,对空间演进的结构模式与聚合规律进行研判。研究发现:(1)北京城市功能演化主中心位于核心区并向东迁移;功能延展形成演化次中心与远郊中心,演化态势呈先聚集极化后趋于平稳。(2)功能空间格局的类型分异特征显著。(3)功能空间演进呈服务功能中心极化、产业功能梯序外溢和居住功能圈层分异的结构模式。(4)功能演进聚合规律包括职住分离是首都服务型单中心结构的空间响应、公共服务均等是城市居住空间品质升级的重要支撑和产业集聚与跃迁是城市产业空间迭代的关键路径。本文研究结果以期为城市功能空间的科学重构与精细化治理提供决策支撑与判据。

Beijing has transitioned from the growth stage to the spatial renewal and improvement stage.Specifically,the evolution of urban functional space is an important symbol and spatial carrier in the process of development and transformation.This paper analyses structural modes and aggregation laws of spatial evolution based on long-term functional datasets,aiming to provide decision-making support and criteria for scientific reconstruction and refined governance of urban functional spaces.It is found in this study that:(1)the main centre of urban functional evolution of Beijing is located in the core area and migrates eastwards;the sub-centres and outer suburban centres are further formed,showing an evolutionary trend that polarisation goes before stabilisation;(2)the differentiation characteristics of the functional spatial pattern are significant;(3)the evolution of functional space presents a structural mode of polarisation of service function centres,sequential spillover of industrial function,and differentiation of residential function circles;(4)the aggregation laws of functional evolution include the separation of work and residence as a spatial response to the capital's service-oriented single-centre structure,the equalisation of public services as an important support for upgrading the quality of urban residential space,and the industrial agglomeration and transition as a key path for iteration.