十七世纪上半叶和托辉特部与明清中央王朝及西藏佛教界关系考

Khotogoits'Relations with Central Plains and Tibet(1600-1699)

和托辉特部地处喀尔喀蒙古西北,是喀尔喀蒙古右翼中的一支较大力量。17世纪和托辉特部阿勒坦汗与中原保持了密切的关系,与西藏保持了紧密的宗教联系。蒙古土默特万户领主俺答汗与明朝达成隆庆和议之后,和托辉特人冒充土默特人到明朝边境进行贸易。“腾机思事件”和“两楚琥尔掠夺巴林人畜事件”之后清朝和喀尔喀蒙古为首台吉接触,在双方商讨过程和托辉特部中俄木布额尔德尼一直与扎萨克图汗共进退。1655年双方议和成功后清廷在喀尔喀蒙古任命了“八扎萨克”,其中阿勒坦汗俄木布额尔德尼是统率和托辉特的扎萨克。和托辉特部和西藏的政教关系非常紧密,第二代阿勒坦汗俄木布额尔德尼曾亲赴西藏拜谒达赖喇嘛。

Khotogoit tribe was located in the extreme northwest of Khalkha group and was a major force in the right wing of Khalkha Mongolia.In the 17th century,Altan Khan of the Khotogoit tribe maintained close relations with the Central Plains and had close religious ties with Tibet.After the Ming Dynasty's acceptance of Altan's tribute,who was the leader of Mongolian Tumet tribe,Khotogoit people pretended to be Tumet people to trade with the Ming Dynasty.After the fleeing of Tenggis and the plundering of Baarin's people and livestock by the Chukhur,the Qing Court come to contact with Khalkha's leading figures.During the discussion between the two sides,Khotogoit leader Ombu Erdeni had been advancing and retreating together with Jasagt Khan of right wing.In 1655,after the successful negotiation between the two sides,the Qing government appointed Eight Jasags in Khalka,of which Altan Khan Ombo Erdeni Hong Tayiji was the Jasag who in command of Khotogoits.The Khotogoit had a very close relationship with Tibet in politics and religion.The second Altan Khan Ombo Erdeni Hong Tayiji went to Tibet to pay homage to the Dalai Lama.