论吴宓对白璧德文学思想的接受

On Wu Mi's Acceptance of Irving Babbitt's Literary Thought

受白璧德文学思想影响,吴宓认为“文学是人生的表现”。对人的关注和对人性的思考,成为其文学创作和文学批评的出发点和落脚点。他对白璧德文学思想的接受,主要体现在文学功用论、文学创作方法和文学艺术形式三个方面,三者均体现了以人为中心的人文主义价值追求,但因当时中国国情、个人性情和文化论辩需要,其对白璧德人文主义文学思想并非全盘接受,甚至有部分偏离。研究这一接受现象,重提人文主义,旨在探讨自然科学飞速发展,人文社会科学日渐式微的背景下,文学如何能适应新环境,发挥应有功用,为新时代中国文化的建设和发展提供更好路径。

Influenced by Babbitt's literary thought,Wu Mi believes that"literature is the representation of life"and his literary creation and criticism are based on and oriented by his concern for human beings and his reflections on human nature.Wu's acceptance of Babbitt's literary thought covers mainly three aspects:literary function,literary creation and artistic form,from which we can see his pursuit of humanistic value.However,at that time in China,national reality,Wu Mi's tendency toward literature and debates on culture made it unlikely for him to entirely process Babbitt's humanism,but rather to some extent deviate from it.The purpose of studying this acceptance and humanism is to explore how literature can be adapted to the new environment and play its due function under the background of the rapid development of natural sciences and the decline of humanities and social sciences,and to provide a path for the construction and development of Chinese culture in the new era.