从《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》看马克思“人的本质”思想及其时代价值

Marx's Ideaof the Nature of Man and Its Contemporary Value from the Outline on Feuerbach

人的本质问题一直是哲学史上的核心问题之一。马克思关于人的本质思想的认识是一个逻辑演进的过程,先后经历了萌生、形成和完善三个时期。在《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》中,马克思从人本前提、内涵、路径三个维度实现了对费尔巴哈人本主义的全面超越,即“现实的人”取代“自然人”、“社会关系的总和”取代“类”本质、“人的自由全面发展”取代“宗教异化”,并指出人的本质思想的科学内涵,即人的本质在于现实性、社会性和历史性。新时代马克思“人的本质”思想对推进政治、经济、文化、社会、生态文明和党的建设具有重要的时代价值。

The question of the nature of man has alwaysbeen one of the core issues in the history of philosophy.Marx's understanding of the idea ofthe nature of man is a logical evolutionary process that has gone through three periods of emergence,formation anddrefinement.IntheeOutline on Feuerbach,Marx achieved a comprehensive transcendenceof Feuerbach's humanism inthree dimensions:the premise,connotationand path ofhuman nature,i.e.",real man"replaces"naturalml an","thesum of socialrlelations"replaces"class"essence."freeand all-rounddevelopmentof man"replaces"religious alienation",and pointed out the scientificconnotationnof human essence thought,that is,human essence lies in reality,sociality and historicity.Marx'stthought on the essence of man in the new era is of great value in promoting the construction of political,economic,cultural,social,ecological civilizations and the Party.