存在论、根据律与体用论的形而上学

Ontology,the Law of Ground,and the Metaphysics of Ti-Yong

存在论的形而上学是一种对存在者整体固定了的解释,试图从最高的和最普遍的根据去把握存在者,这种把握决定了何物能够作为世内存在者显现,即从“存在”(是,being)决定了何物之实存(exist)。这种对存在者之存在的把握只是存在之理解的一条路径,因而只是形而上学的一种可能。在中国哲学中,物并未基于“相—是”得到把握,“用”成为中国哲学对物之同一的把握方式,从而也就是作为根据的物之“如何”。从“用”把握到的存在者之规定性,即物之“体”,而这种把握在指向物的同时,更指向了对存在者之整体及其根据的把握,因而通过体用论展开的对物之“如何”的追问表明自身为以“天德”或者“天理”为根据展开的形而上学体系。体用论的形而上学不仅是一种建构性的体系,更是一种可能的对物之理解和把握的方式。

The metaphysics of ontology isa fixed explanation oftthe beings as a whole,trying to grasp the beings from the1highest and most universal basis.This grasp determines what can be revealed as the existence in the world,that is,"being"determines what exists.This graspof the being of existence is only a path to the understandingof existence,and thus only a possibility of metaphysics.In Chinese philosophy,things are not grasped based on"being"."Yong(use)"has become theway of grasping theidentityofthings in Chinese philosophy,which is alsothe"how"of things as the basis.From"Yong(use)",we grasp the determinacy of being,that is,the"Ti(body)"of things,and this grasp not only points to concrete things,but alsopoints to the whole and its ground.The metaphysics of Ti-Yong is not only a constructive system,but also a possible way to understand and grasp things.