兰花花器官及成花基因调控研究进展

Current progress on gene regulation in the floral organ and flower formation of orchid

为了更有效地对开花植物中最大家族之一的兰科(Orchidaceae)植物进行开花调控,对具有蕊柱和唇瓣等独特花结构的兰花花器官调控和成花过程的分子遗传基础进行了阐述,并在此基础上对兰科花发育的调控进行了展望。结果表明:(1)兰花花器官ABCDE模型中,A和E类基因决定萼片,A、B和E类基因决定花瓣,B、C和E类基因决定雄蕊,而D和E类基因决定心皮;(2)温度、光周期和激素是决定兰花花起始和发育的关键;(3)成花过程中的转录组、基因组以及功能基因验证的研究,取得了较大的突破。综上,本研究可为兰花花发育的分子遗传基础研究开辟新的思路。

In order to effectively regulate the flowering of Orchidaceae,one of the largest families of flowering plants,the molecular genetic basis of floral organ regulation and flowering process of orchids with unique floral structures such as stamens and labellum were elaborated.On this basis,the regulation of orchid development was prospected.The results showed that:(1)In the ABCDE model of orchid flower organs,type A and E determine sepals,type A,B and E determine petals,type B,C and E determine stamens,and type D and E determine carpels;(2)Temperature,photoperiod and hormones are the key factors to determine the initiation and development of orchids;(3)Great breakthroughs are made in the research of transcriptome,genome and functional verified genes during flowering.In conclusion,this review can open up new ideas for research on the molecular genetic basis of flower development in orchids.