肿瘤微环境敏感型化学荧光探针的研究进展

Recent advances in chemical fluorescent probes sensitive to tumor microenvironments

恶性肿瘤严重威胁人类生命健康,针对肿瘤发展快速检测、精确定位与有效治疗的策略有助于肿瘤的诊断与治疗。肿瘤微环境具有特异性,基于肿瘤微环境开发敏感型化学荧光探针对于肿瘤诊疗具有重要意义,目前已经开发出了多种诊疗一体化化学荧光探针。本文根据生物学特征和微环境的变化同时结合光谱或响应机制对肿瘤微环境敏感型化学荧光探针进行分类,较为系统地综述了近年来基于缺氧、低极性、高黏度、异常pH、高活性氧等肿瘤微环境发展而来的敏感型化学荧光探针的研究进展,以期为该类探针的研发和应用提供借鉴和参考。

Cancer seriously threatens human life and health,it is urgent for the development of rapid detec‐tion,precise localization and effective treatment of tumors.Chemical fluorescent probes that are sensitive to tumorspecific microenvironments have important significance in tumor theranostics and a variety of such probes have been developed.In this review,we classified chemical fluorescent probes that are sensitive to tumor microenviron‐ments according to biological characteristics and microenvironmental changes while combining spectroscopy or response mechanisms,and systematically introduced the research progress of chemical fluorescent probes with sensitivity to hypoxia,low polarity,high viscosity,abnormal pH values and abundant reactive oxygen species in tumor microenvironments,in order to provide references for the development and applications of these probes.