唐氏综合征的口腔-颅颌面表征及治疗进展

Research progress on oral-craniomaxillofacial features and treatment of Down syndrome

唐氏综合征又名21三体综合征,是一种与智力发育障碍或发育迟缓相关的染色体异常疾病,并且可能影响患者身心和颅颌面部的生长发育。口颌系统由多种复杂的解剖结构和组织结构组成,使人类可以行使发音、咀嚼、吞咽等功能,而颌骨、牙齿以及肌肉是该系统的重要组成部分,其中任一结构的改变都会影响与其相关功能的行使,从而影响患者的生活质量。本文综述了唐氏综合征的颅颌面和口腔表征及其相关治疗,以期为临床医生的临床诊疗和风险评估提供参考依据。

Down syndrome,also known as Trisomy 21,is a chromosomal abnormality associated with mental retardation or developmental delay,and may affect patient growth and their craniomaxillofacial growth and development.The stomatognathic system consists of a variety of complex anatomical and tissue structures that allow humans to perform functions such as articulation,mastication,and swallowing.The jaws,teeth,as well as muscles are important components of this system,in which changes in either structure can affect the functional exercise associated with it,thus affecting the patient’s quality of life.This article reviews the effects of down syndrome on craniomaxillofacial and oral manifestations and the corresponding treatments,in order to provide a reference basis for the clinical treatment and risk assessment.