聚合物基水凝胶的研究进展及应用研究

Research progress and application of polymer-based hydrogels

聚合物基水凝胶作为一种高分子材料,拥有生物相容性、化学稳定性以及可调性等特性,能够广泛应用于医学、环境、能源等领域。本文主要涉及四种常见的高分子水凝胶,即聚丙烯酸水凝胶、聚乙烯醇水凝胶、聚氧乙烯水凝胶和聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶。通过文献综述和试验数据分析,总结了这四种水凝胶的制备方法、性能参数和应用范围。其中,聚丙烯酸水凝胶是最常用的一种,具有渗透性好、可生物降解等优点,在医学和卫生领域广泛应用;聚乙烯醇水凝胶则主要用于环境领域的水处理,具有良好的吸附性和可重复使用性能;聚氧乙烯水凝胶常用于药物控释和人工关节的缓冲材料;而聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶则被认为是一种具有广泛应用前景的新型材料。综上,高分子水凝胶作为一种重要的新型材料,在医学、环境、能源等领域具有广泛的应用前景,但同时也面临着许多挑战。对于未来研究的方向和重点,仍需要不断地深入研究和探索。

As a kind of polymer material,polymer-based hydrogels possess properties such as biocompatibility,chemical stability,and adjustability,and can be widely used in medicine,environment,and energy fields.In this paper,four kinds of common polymer-based hydrogels,namely polyacrylic acid hydrogel,polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel,polyoxyethylene hydrogel,and polyacrylamide hydrogel were mainly involved.Through literature review and experimental data analysis,the preparation methods,performance parameters and application scope ofthese four types of hydrogels were summarized.Among them,polyacrylic acid hydrogel was the most commonly usedone,with the advantages of good permeability and biodegradability,which was widely used in medical and healthfields. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was mainly used for water treatment in the environmental field,with goodadsorption performance and reusability. Polyoxyethylene hydrogel was often used as buffer materials for drugcontrolled release and artificial joints. Polyacrylamide hydrogel was considered as a new material with wideapplication prospects.In conclusion,as an important new material,polymer-based hydrogel had a wide range ofapplication prospects in the field of medicine,environment,energy,but also faced many challenges. For thedirection and focus of future research,continuous in-depth research and exploration were still needed.