三种光学矫正方式对少年儿童近视控制效果的临床观察

Clinical observation on the efficacy of three optical correction methods on myopia in childen and juveniles

目的比较少年儿童近视患者佩戴单焦点(SVL)镜片、多区正向光学离焦(DIMS)镜片及高度非球面微透(HAL)镜片12个月内等效球镜及眼轴长度变化,探讨三种光学矫正方式对少年儿童近视的控制效果。方法回顾性病例对照研究。分析我院收集2019年8月至2021年12月儿童近视患者,分为三组,每组近视者40例(80只眼),分别为A组SVL镜片、B组DIMS镜片及C组HAL镜片,随访12个月分别记录三组患者戴镜3个月、6个月及12个月等效球镜及眼轴长度变化。结果12个月内三组间等效球镜变化有显著性差异(F=64.475,P﹤0.01),A、B和C三组其等效球镜变化量分别为(-1.07±0.38)D、(-0.45±0.59)D和(-0.30±0.33)D;三组眼轴长度变化为(0.37±0.08)mm、(0.20±0.20)mm和(0.15±0.17)mm;三组间眼轴增长也有显著差异,(F=40.863,P﹤0.01),对于眼轴变化来说,B组及C组与A组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.01),C组与B组相比,差异也有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。对于等效球镜变化量来说,B组及C组与A组相比,差异有显著性(P﹤0.01),C组与B组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HAL镜片、DIMS镜片及SVL镜片三种光学矫正方式之中,HAL控制近视效果较好,DIMS镜片次之。

Objective To compare the changes of spherical equivalent refraction and axial length of single-vision spectacle lenses(SVL),defocus incorporated multiple segment(DIMS)lenses and highly aspherical lenslets(HAL)lenses in adolescent myopia patients within 12 months.Methods A retrospective case-control study.The children with myopia in our hospital from August 2019 to December 2021 were collected and divided into three groups,with 40 cases(80 eyes)in each group.In the A group with SVL lenses,B group with DIMS lenses and C group with HAL lenses.The changes of spherical equivalent refraction and axial length were recorded at 3 months,6 months and 12 months after wearing glasses.Results There were significant differences in the changes of spherical equivalent refraction among the three groups(F=64.475,P<0.01).The changes of spherical equivalent refraction in the A,B and C groups were(-1.07±0.38)D,(-0.45±0.59)D and(-0.30±0.33)D,respectively.The changes of axial length in the three groups were(0.37±0.08)mm,(0.20±0.20)mm and(0.15±0.17)mm,respectively.There was significant difference in AL growth among the three groups(F=40.863,P<0.01).For the change of spherical equivalent refraction,there was significant difference between the B group and C group and A group(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between the C group and B group(P>0.05).Conclusions Among the three optical correction methods of HAL lens,DIMS lens and SVL lens,HAL is effective in controlling myopia,followed by DIMS lens.