约束空间内壳装炸药殉爆及防护

Sympathetic detonation of explosive charge in confined space and its protection

为研究壳装炸药在包装箱内的殉爆响应和防护方法,开展了壳装聚黑铝炸药在包装箱内的殉爆试验,通过被发装药残留炸药和壳体破碎情况,判断被发装药的反应情况。建立了壳装炸药箱内殉爆计算模型,采用非线性有限元计算方法,对壳装聚黑铝炸药殉爆试验进行了数值模拟。并对包装箱进行防殉爆设计及试验验证。数值模拟结果表明,在包装箱内装药发生殉爆的主要原因为高速破片的撞击。试验结果显示,在无防护条件下,主发装药箱内2发、下层箱内1发被发装药发生爆轰反应,下层箱内1发被发装药未发生反应;在相邻装药间设置20 mm木隔板,在箱底设置2 mm铝板后,仅有与主发装药相邻的被发装药发生爆燃至爆炸等级的反应,其余3发被发装药未发生反应。说明在箱内设置隔板可有效降低殉爆反应等级。

To investigate the sympathetic detonation(SD)response and protection method of shell explosive in the packaging box,the sympathetic detonation experiment of JHL-2(RDX/Al/binder=65.5/30/4.5)explosive charges in the packaging box was carried out.The response of the acceptor charges was characterized by the residual of explosive and the breakage of the shell.A calculation model for the sympathetic detonation of shell explosives in packaging box is established,and the numerical simulation of the sympathetic detonation experiment is carried out by using the nonlinear finite element method.The calculation model is verified to be reliable according to the test results.The results of the simulation study show that the main cause for SD of charges in packaging box is the impact of high-speed fragments.According to the experiment result,simulation result and the fragmentation impact initiation criteria of explosive charge,the anti-sympathetic detonation design is implemented for the packaging box.The anti-sympathetic detonation design considering weight and price is as follows:20 mm wooden partition is set in the adjacent explosive charge,and 2 mm aluminum partition is set on the bottom of the packaging box.A new sympathetic detonation experiment was performed with anti-sympathetic detonation modifications on the packaging box included.The results show that under the unprotected condition,two acceptor charges in the same packaging box with the donor charge and one acceptor charge in the packaging box below the donor charge detonated,and one acceptor charge in the lower packaging box didn’t react;when 20 mm wooden partition was set between adjacent charges and a 2 mm aluminum plate was set on the bottom of the packaging box,only one of the acceptor charges adjacent to the donor charge had a reaction from deflagration to explosion level,and the other three acceptor charges did not react.The research result proves that the installation of partitions inside the packaging box can effectively reduce the possibility of sympathetic detonation,so as to avoid the disastrous consequences caused by sympathetic detonation.