GB 10769标准下挂面和米粉中关键营养素的研究

Research on Key Nutrients in Dried Noodles and Rice Flour Under GB 10769 Standard

目的:分析GB 10769标准下等质量的挂面和米粉的营养素含量、淀粉和锌元素吸收的差异,为深入研究辅食营养和选择辅食提供科学依据。方法:选取4个符合GB 10769的挂面和米粉,采用营养素检测、体外模拟消化、低温超声裂解细胞、人结肠腺癌细胞系Caco-2模拟营养素的吸收。结果:等质量的挂面和米粉中挂面的蛋白质总量约为米粉的1.2~1.8倍,挂面的婴幼儿的必需氨基酸约为米粉的1.3倍。品牌1、品牌2中米粉添加糖约占0.97、0.56 g/100 kJ,粒径由小到大分别为:品牌2米粉<品牌1米粉<品牌2挂面食糜<品牌1挂面食糜,对应其体外模拟消化的淀粉水解率分别为(98.85±5.32)%、(85.7±5.70)%、(90.32±5.32)%、(81.91±1.91)%。葡萄糖的吸收率基本均接近100%。等量锌含量下,Caco-2细胞受挂面组的消化产物比受米粉组的消化产物中的锌元素摄取的含量较高。组氨酸和谷氨酸均能促进Caco-2细胞对锌的摄取。结论:等质量的挂面和米粉,挂面中含有更多的必需氨基酸,更少的添加糖,更高的锌元素吸收率。

【Objective】To analyze the difference in nutrient content,starch and zinc uptake of dried noodles and rice flour with quality meet the GB 10769 standard to provide scientific basis for in-depth study of complementary food nutrition and its selection.【Method】Nutrient detection,in vitro simulated digestion,low-temperature ultrasound lysis of cells,and human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 were used to simulate nutrient absorption in 4 dried noodles and rice flour comply with GB 10769.【Result】For dried noodles and rice flour of equal quality,the total protein content of noodles is about 1.2 to 1.8 times that of rice flour,and the essential amino acids for infants and young children are about 1.3 times.Brand 1 and Brand 2 rice flour with added sμgar accounts for about 0.97 g/100 kJ and 0.56 g/100 kJ,respectively.The particle sizes from small to large are:Brand 2 rice flour<Brand 1 rice flour<Brand 2 dried noodles chyme<Brand 1 dried noodles chyme,and the starch hydrolysis rate corresponding to simulated digestion in vitro is(98.85±5.32)%,(85.7±5.70)%,(90.32±5.32)%,(81.91±1.91)%,respectively.The absorption rate of glucose is basically close to 100%.At the same amount of zinc content,the digested products of Caco-2 cells in the noodle group had a higher intake of zinc than those in the rice flour group.Among them,brand 1 dired noodles compare to rice rice flour is(23.7±0.09)vs.(15.2±0.06)mg/kg in low dose group.(34.2±0.19)vs.(17.4±1.06)mg/kg in high dose group.Brand 1 dired noodles compare to rice flour,is(16.4±0.09)vs.(5.8±0.11)mg/kg in low dose group.(27.8±1.09)vs.(21±1.11)mg/kg in high dose group.Both histidine and glutamic acid can promote the uptake of zinc by Caco-2.【Conclusion】Noodles contain more essential amino acid,less sugar and higher zinc absorption rate than the same quality of rice noodles.