我国围绝经期女性奶制品摄入与健康的定性循证研究

A Qualitative Evidence-Based Study on Dairy Intake and Health in Chinese Perimenopausal Women

目的:通过检索国内外公开发表的相关文献,综合分析奶制品摄入量对我国围绝经期女性健康状况的影响。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据知识服务平台和中国知网中,自2000年1月—2022年12月发表的相关文献,纳入以人为研究对象的研究,排除重复、不完整、无法获得全文的文献等。语种限定为中文和英文。结果:从8991篇文献中筛选出10篇作为本次研究的主要证据,检索到奶制品摄入量情况的研究共3篇,结果显示,45~55岁中国妇女的奶制品摄入情况普遍不足。检索到奶制品摄入与骨骼健康的关系的研究共6篇,其中,2篇随机对照研究显示,牛奶摄入可以防止骨密度和骨量流失;4篇横断面研究显示,牛奶摄入可以预防骨质疏松、防止骨量减少。检索到奶制品摄入与体成分的关系的研究有1篇,1项横断面研究显示饮用牛奶与BMI呈负相关。结论:奶制品摄入与围绝经期妇女骨骼健康及体重密切相关,但缺乏高质量的科学证据支持,仍需要进一步的研究验证。

【Objective】To comprehensively analyze the impact of protein intake on the health status of postmenopausal women in China by searching relevant literature published domestically and abroad.【Method】Relevant literature published from January 2000 to December 2022 was searched in PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and China Academic Journals Full-text Database.Studies that focused on human subjects were included,while duplicate,incomplete,and inaccessible literature were excluded.The language was limited to Chinese and English.【Result】Totally 10 articles of 8991 arti-cles were included as the main evidence of this study.A total of 3 studies on dairy intake were retrieved,and the results showed that the dairy intake is generally insufficient in Chinese women aged 45—55 years.A total of 6 studies on the relationship between dairy intake and bone health were retrieved.Two randomized controlled studies show that milk intake can prevent bone density and bone loss;four cross-sectional studies show that milk intake can prevent osteoporosis and prevent bone loss.One studie on the relationship between dairy intake and body composition were retrieved,and the cross-sectional study showed that milk consumption was negatively correlated with BMI.【Conclusion】The current research results show that dairy intake is related to bone health and weight in perimenopausal women.But there is a lack of high-quality scientific evidence to support it,and further researches are still needed.