全球创业孵化发展典型模式比较研究

Comparative study on typical models of global entrepreneurship incubation development

科技创新创业孵化载体作为国家和区域创新体系的重要组成部分,对培育和发展科技型创业企业具有至关重要的作用。在当前新一轮科技革命和产业变革正在蓬勃发展背景下,全球创新创业孵化同样进入了快速发展阶段,国内外创新创业孵化模式呈现出多样化、差异化演化发展态势,多层级创新创业生态服务体系已显雏形。以2000-2023年CNKI收录的1361篇创业孵化领域期刊文献为数据来源,运用Cite Space的关键词共现和聚类分析功能阐释文献特征,厘清理论推进与发展脉络;进一步对关键词进行Timezone图谱分析,总结创业孵化模式研究的主题路径和时序演进过程。同时,基于对国内外创业孵化实践发展和演变趋势的研究分析,总结提出了大企业主导型、投资驱动型、成果转化型、园区集聚型、服务延伸型等五种典型孵化模式,通过引入SWOT理论模型,分别从优势、劣势、机会、威胁等四个维度对五种典型模式进行分析和比较研究,前瞻性研判未来全球创业孵化模式将以主体多元、深度参与、重度赋能等发展范式为主要特征,提出推动我国创业孵化高质量发展的相关对策建议。

As an important part of the national and regional innovation system,the incubator of science and technology innovation and entrepreneurship plays a vital role in cultivating and developing science and technology entrepreneurship.In the context of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,global entrepreneurship incubation has also entered a stage of rapid development.The innovation and entrepreneurship incubation modes at home and abroad show a diversified and differentiated evolution and development,and the multi-level innovation and entrepreneurship ecological service system has taken shape.With 1,361 journal literature in the field of entrepreneurship incubation included in CNKI from 2000 to 2023 as the data source,Cite Space's keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis function are used to explain the literature characteristics and clarify the theory advancement and development context.Further,the Time zone graph analysis of keywords is carried out to summarize the topic path and time sequence evolution process of the research of business incubation model.At the same time,based on the research and analysis of the development and evolution trend of business incubation practice at home and abroad,five typical incubation modes including large-enterprise-oriented,investment-driven,result-transforming,park agglomeration and service extension are summarized and proposed.Through the introduction of SwOT theoretical model,five typical models are analyzed and compared from four dimensions of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats.The future global business incubation model will be characterized by multiple subjects,deep participation,heavy assignment and other development paradigms,and put forward relevant policy suggestions to promote the high-quality development of business incubation in China.