桥梁钢结构腐蚀特点与防腐涂料研究进展

Research Progress in Corrosion Characteristics and Anticorrosion Technology of Bridge Steel Structures

阐述了桥梁钢结构的腐蚀特点,分析了桥梁钢结构的腐蚀成因,总结了桥梁钢结构的防腐涂料类型及发展趋势。研究结果表明,桥梁钢结构腐蚀类型主要为均匀腐蚀、点腐蚀、缝隙腐蚀、应力腐蚀及疲劳腐蚀,且具有多种腐蚀共存特点。电化学反应、自然环境及桥梁结构自身特点是导致腐蚀产生的主要因素;桥梁钢结构防腐涂料主要分为无铬锌铝涂料、纳米材料改性涂料、低表面处理涂料、氟碳涂料等类型,并朝着绿色环保、节能减排及水性化方向发展。

The corrosion characteristics of bridge steel structures are described.The corrosion causes of bridge steel structures are analyzed,and the types and development trends of anti-corrosion coatings for bridge steel structures were summarized.The results show that the corrosion types of the bridge steel structure include mainly general corrosion,pitting corrosion,chink corrosion,stress corrosion and fatigue corrosion,meanwhile,their combination might occur.The electrochemical reaction,natural environment and the characteristics of the bridge structure are the main factors leading to corrosion.Bridge steel structure anticorrosive coatings are mainly divided into chromium-free zinc-aluminum coatings,nanomaterial modified coatings,low surface treatment coatings,fluorocarbon coatings and other types.These coatings are developing towards the direction of green environmental protection,energy saving and emission reduction and waterborne development.