miRNA在胚胎植入免疫调控中的研究进展

Research progress of miRNA in immune regulation of embryo implantation

胚胎植入是妊娠过程的起始阶段,囊胚必须黏附并入侵接受性母体子宫内膜,以获得氧气和营养的供应;但胎儿是一种半同种异体移植物,一旦进入子宫必然会遭到母体的免疫排斥,因此建立并维持母-胎免疫耐受对植入成功至关重要。微小RNAs(microRNAs,miRNAs)是一类内源性的非编码RNA,通过调控靶基因的转录后表达,从而参与人体内众多的生理和病理活动。目前已有大量的研究证实,miRNAs在胚胎植入中具有重要作用,同时也能调控母体免疫系统,当miRNAs表达失调时,通过调控免疫细胞和免疫分子参与妊娠并发症。此外,母-胎界面的免疫耐受性在着床中起着至关重要的作用。本文对miRNAs在胚胎植入免疫调控中的相关研究进展作一综述。

Embryo implantation is the initial stage of the gestation process where the blastocyst must adhere to and invade the receptive endometrium in order to receive oxygen and nutrients;but the fetus is a semi-allogeneic graft that will inevitably be immunologically rejected by the mother once it enters the uterus,therefore,establishing and maintaining maternal-fetal immune tolerance is essential for a successful implantation.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs,and involved in numerous physiological and pathological activities in the body by regulating the post-transcriptional expression of target genes.A large number of studies have confirmed that miRNAs have an important role in embryo implantation and also regulate the maternal immune system,which is involved in pregnancy complications by modulating immune cells and immune molecules when miRNAs are dysregulated in expression.In addition,immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface plays a crucial role in implantation.This paper reviews the progress of research on the immune regulation of miRNAs in the process of embryo implantation.