江西省油茶10个农家品种种实性状及萌发特性分析

Analysis on seed traits and germination characters of ten farm varieties of Camellia in Jiangxi Province

本文以珍珠子、三角枫、白皮中子、石市红皮、观音桃等10个油茶农家品种为材料,对其种实性状和萌发特性的16个指标进行了测定分析。结果表明:(1)茅岗大果的单果重最大,为25.14 g,其余农家品种的单果重分布在6.81~25.14 g范围内。参试农家品种的单果重变异系数高达34.17%,且与果高、果径、果皮厚及鲜籽重均存在极高的正相关关系,是果实性状中最为重要的一个因子。(2)白皮中子的单种重、百粒重均最大,分别为1.82 g和160.10 g;其余农家品种单种重分布在0.78~1.82 g之间、百粒重分布在57.40~158.80 g之间;相关性分析发现单种重与百粒重有极高的正相关关系。(3)种子萌发率在参试10个农家品种间均表现出一定的差异,且很大程度上受到种子下胚轴生长状况的影响,二者表现出极高的正相关关系。

In this paper,16 indexes of seed traits and germination characteristics from ten farm varieties of Camellia including‘Zhenzhuzi’‘Sanjiaofeng’‘Baipizhongzi’‘Shishihongpi’‘Guanyintao’,were measured and analyzed.The results showed as follows:(1)the single fruit weight of‘Maogangdaguo’was the largest(25.14 g),the others was in the range of 6.81~25.14 g.The variation coefficient of single fruit weight was as high as 34.17%,which was positively correlated with fruit height,fruit diameter,skin thickness and fresh seed weight.It was the most important factor in fruit traits.(2)The single seed weight and hundred seed weight of‘Baipizhongzi’were the largest,which were 1.82 g and 160.10 g,respectively.The redistribution of the other farm varieties was 0.78~1.82 g for single seed weight and 57.40~158.80 g for hundred seed weight.Correlation analysis showed that single seed weight was positively correlated with hundred seed weight.(3)The seed germination rate showed certain differences among the 10 farm varieties tested,and was greatly affected by the growth of seed hypocotyl,and the two showed a high positive correlation.