大学生身体意象及认知满意度对体育锻炼行为的影响

Effects of Body Image and Cognitive Satisfaction of College Students on Their Physical Exercise Behavior

研究以大学生为考察对象,考察身体意象对体育锻炼行为影响的解释模型,并采用自我认知满意度为中介变量,探索相关的作用解释机制。调查采用了身体意象问卷、体育锻炼行为问卷和自我满意度问卷,350名在校大学生参与了问卷调查。数据分析结果显示:身体意象能有效地预测体育锻炼行为,而且自我认知满意度具有中介地提升锻炼行为的作用。但是,这一解释机制存在性别上的差异。具体地讲:男大学生对肩宽和腰围的关注会因为认知满意度变化而影响锻炼行为;对于女大学生而言,其对腿部的关注更容易影响自我满意度的改变,进而影响到行为的变化。研究发现,大学生身体意象对体育锻炼行为的影响实际上是通过自我认知满意度来实现的。教育工作者可以就此针对性地引导大学生开展体育锻炼。

Taking college students as the object of study,the study examined the explanation model of the influence of body image on physical exercise behavior,and explored the relevant explanation mechanism by using self-cognition satisfaction as the intermediary variable.350 college students participated in the questionnaire survey,which uses the body image questionnaire,physical exercise behavior questionnaire and self-satisfaction questionnaire.The data analysis shows that body image can effectively predict physical exercise behavior,and self-cognition satisfaction can promote their exercise behavior.However,there are gender differences in this interpretation mechanism.Specifically,male college students’attention to shoulder width and waist circumference will affect their exercise behavior due to changes in their cognitive satisfaction.For female college students,their attention to the legs is more likely to affect the change of self satisfaction,and then affect the change of behavior.Finally,the study found that the influence of college students’body image on physical exercise behavior is actually realized through self-cognition satisfaction.Educators can guide young people to do physical exercise according to the study.