我国校外培训机构治理的历史变迁与展望

The Historical Changes and Prospects of Governance of Tutoring Institutions in China

改革开放以来,我国校外培训机构治理经历了较长时期的变迁历程。然而,现有研究对其变迁历程并未进行科学的阶段划分,没有深入分析其变迁的特征及其背后的逻辑,更缺乏对近期校外培训机构治理的反思。采用历史研究法以治理目标的变化为依据,科学划分校外培训机构治理的发展阶段,将其划分为公益发展、鼓励发展、引导监督、规范治理和全面整治五个阶段,并洞察现阶段校外培训机构治理的动因与特征。通过反思可以发现,现阶段我国对校外培训机构的治理思路局限于以"堵"为主,社会配套支持系统尚不完善,缺乏持久性、常态化的治理机制,没有对不同模式的校外培训机构进行分类治理,治理的可操作性和地方适切性不足。

Since the reform and opening up,the governance of tutoring institutions in China has experienced a long period of change.However,existing researches have not scientifically divide the stages of changing process,have not deeply analyzed the characteristics of its change and the logic behind it,and lacked the reflection on the governance of recent tutoring institutions.Based on the change of governance objectives,the historical research method is used to scientifically divide the development stages of the governance of tutoring institutions into five stages:public welfare development,encouragement of development,guidance and supervision,standardized governance and comprehensive regulation,and to gain insight into the causes and characteristics of the governance of tutoring institutions at the current stage.Through the reflection,it can be found that the governance of tutoring institutions in China at this stage is limited to"blocking",the social supporting system is not perfect,there is a lack of a permanent and normalized governance mechanism,and there is no classified governance of different models of tutoring institutions,and the operability and local applicability of governance are insufficient,