《经典释文·尔雅音义》异文类举

Variants in JingDianShiWen Erya Yinyi

陆德明所著的《经典释文》是一部汇集唐以前十四部经典的音义著作,兼含异文校勘与注音释义。《尔雅》是第一部体例和内容较为完备的汉语词典,《经典释文·尔雅音义》对《尔雅》的字音、字义、异文进行了标注。文章对《经典释文·尔雅音义》的异文进行穷尽性统计,共计912组异文。以这些异文材料为依据,将其分为异体字、通假字、古今字三类并探究。异体字数量居首位(382组,约占42%),其中以狭义异体字为主;通假字数量次之(355组,约占10%),其中以同音通假为主;古今字数量居末位(95组,约占10%),其中以古字形体为基础增加偏旁构成今字的类型较多。

Lu Deming’s JingDianShiWen is a collection of 14 classical phonological and semantic works before the Tang Dynasty,which combines the collation of different texts and phonetic annotation.Erya is the first Chinese dic⁃tionary with relatively complete style and content.JingDianShiWen Erya Yinyi has marked the pronunciation,meaning and variants.This paper makes exhaustive statistics on these variants in JingDianShiWen Erya Yinyi,totaling 912 groups of variants.On the basis of these materials,it is divided into 3 categories:variant characters,interchangeable characters and ancient and modern characters.The number of variant characters ranked first(382 groups,accounting for 42%),of which the narrow variant characters were the main;The second is the number of interchangeable charac⁃ters(355 groups,accounting for about 10%),in which homophone interchangeable characters are the main;The num⁃ber of ancient and modern characters ranks the last(95 groups,accounting for about 10%),among which there are many types of modern characters based on the ancient character form and added side elements.