明清民间宗教宝卷的崇儒倾向及其生成机制

The Tendency of ConThe Tendency of Confucianism Worship andfucianism Worship and Its Formation in the Folk Religion BaoIts Formation in the Folk Religion Baojuan of Ming and Qing Dynastiesjuan of Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期,民间宗教教派林立,大多数民间教派都借用宝卷的名号用以宣扬教义,宝卷几乎成为明清民间宗教经卷的代名词。明清各宗教宝卷大多呈现出明显的崇儒倾向,不仅尊崇儒家的圣贤,内化儒家的伦理道德观,同时还有意识地迎合帝王的圣谕。明清统治者强化儒家思想的引领,推动佛教的世俗化及新兴宗教的入世转向,无形中促使明清民间宗教宝卷崇儒倾向的生成。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were many folk religious sects,and most of them used the name of Baojuan to publicize their doctrines.Baojuan almost became the synonym of the folk religious scriptures of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,so the folk religious scriptures of the Ming and Qing Dynasties had a strong religious flavor.However,through investigation,it is found that most of the religious scrolls in the Ming and Qing Dynasties showed an obvious tendency of worshiping Confucianism.They not only respected the Confucian sages,internalized the Confu⁃cian ethics,but also consciously catered to the imperial edicts.The rulers of the Ming and Qing dynasties strength⁃ened the guidance of the dominant Confucianism,the development tradition of the orthodox religions of the Ming and Qing dynasties,and the historical origin of the development of Baojuan itself,which virtually promoted the generation of the tendency of the folk religions of the Ming and Qing dynasties to worship Confucianism.