BBNJ谈判中的“notundermine”内涵研究

A Study of the Meaning of"not undermine"in BBNJ Negotiations

BBNJ谈判历经四次筹备委员会会议和五次政府间会议,在涉及BBNJ协定与“相关法律文书和框架以及相关全球、区域、次区域和部门机构”的关系时,“not undermine”已成为BBNJ协定创制过程中的基本要求。“not undermine”的内涵对于阐明BBNJ协定与相关法律文书、框架和机构的关系具有重要意义,但其在内涵上具有高度模糊性。在谈判中,各国对其具体内涵争议不断。从BBNJ谈判案文内容、谈判走向和相关国际规则执行现状等角度分析,“not undermine”至少应当包含“以BBNJ协定为中心”“尊重相关法律文书、框架和机构,并在必要时进行补充、加强”“通过国际合作实现一致性和协调性”三方面内涵。BBNJ协定中“not undermine”的落实也意味着新一轮国际海洋治理体系的变革,我国既要把握机遇,参与国际造法进程,也要及时做好国内因应。

After four preparatory committee meetings and five intergovernmental meetings,"not undermine"has become a fundamental requirement in the creation of the BBNJ agreement when it comes to its relationship with"relevant legal instruments and frameworks and relevant global,regional,sub-regional and sectoral bodies".The connotation of"not undermine"is important to clarify the relationship between BBNJ agreements and related legal instruments,frameworks and institutions,but its connotation is highly ambiguous,and its specific connotation is constantly disputed by countries during the negotiations.From the perspective of the content of the BBNJ negotiation text,the direction of the negotiations and the current status of implementation of relevant international rules,"not undermine"should at least include the three aspects of"centered on the BBNJ agreement","respecting relevant legal instruments,frameworks and institutions,and complementing and strengthening them when necessary"and"achieving consistency and coherence through international cooperation".The implementation of"not undermine"in the BBNJ agreement also means a new round of changes in the international ocean governance system,and China should not only seize the opportunity to participate in the international law-making process,but also make timely domestic responses.