汉语唐氏综合征儿童辅音识别的偏侧化研究

Study on the Lateralization of Mandarin Chinese Consonant Recognition in Children with Down Syndrome

目的探究汉语唐氏综合征(Down syndrome,DS)儿童在识别辅音时大脑的偏侧化特征。方法以17例10~18岁(平均14.07±2.26岁)DS儿童、17例智力水平相匹配的10~18岁(平均13.89±2.09岁)智力落后儿童(mental retardation,MR)和17名智力水平相匹配的3~6岁(平均4.73±0.48岁)普通儿童(typically developing,TD)为研究对象,以单音节词为材料,采用双耳分听的实验范式,分析每组儿童两耳对目标词识别率的差异以及偏侧化程度。结果①DS儿童左耳对目标词的识别率极显著高于右耳(P<0.01),MR儿童和TD儿童左耳对目标词的识别率均极其显著低于右耳(P<0.001);②DS儿童与MR儿童、TD儿童的偏侧化指数的绝对值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论汉语DS儿童在辅音识别中表现出左耳优势,即右侧化现象,且这一现象与其智力落后无关;DS儿童辅音识别的偏侧化程度与MR儿童和TD儿童一致。

Objective To study the lateralization of Mandarin Chinese consonant recognition in children with Down syndrome.Methods This study recruited 17 Down syndrome children aged 8 to 18(average 14.07±2.26 years)and 17 mental retardation children aged 8 to 18(average 13.89±2.09 years)and 17 typically developing children aged 3 to 6(average 4.73±0.48 years)matched in intelligence as research subjects.Taking monosyllabic words as testing materials,three groups of children were tested by adopting the experimental paradigm of binaural dichotic analysis.Results①The recognition rate of target words in the left ear of Down syndrome children was significantly higher than that in the right ear(P<0.01).The recognition rate of target words in the left ear of mental retardation children and typically developing children was significantly lower than that in the right ear(P<0.001).②There was no significant difference in the absolute value of laterality index between Down syndrome children,mental retardation children and typically developing children(P>0.05).Conclusion Children with Down syndrome show the phenomenon of rightization which is inconsistent with that of mental retardation and TD children in consonant recognition.The laterality of Down syndrome consonant recognition in children is consistent with that of mental retardation and typically developing children.