盐胁迫对滨海稻区粳稻生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Salt Stress on the Development Characteristic and Yield of Japonica Rice in Coastal Region

为探明不同梯度盐胁迫对滨海稻区粳稻生长发育和产量的影响,利用盆栽的方式人为设置不同梯度盐胁迫(1.82‰、2.73‰、3.64‰、4.55‰),以5个水稻品种为材料,研究不同梯度盐胁迫对粳稻生长发育和产量的效应。结果表明:随着盐分的增高,水稻秧苗成活率降低,盐粳219的秧苗成活率最高。盐胁迫下水稻茎蘖峰值的出现略有延迟,延后1周至4周不等。株高、成熟期水稻单盆干物质积累量随着盐分的增高逐渐降低。盐粳252、盐粳269、盐粳939齐穗期叶片SPAD值与含氮量随着盐分的增高逐渐减少,盐丰47、盐粳219齐穗期叶片SPAD值与含氮量在1.75‰~3.50‰范围内随着盐分的增高逐渐减少,在4.375‰胁迫下略有上升。在1.82‰~4.55‰的盐胁迫范围内,各品种水稻产量随盐分的增高逐渐降低,5个水稻品种单盆产量总体平均降低35.36%。相关分析表明,盐胁迫主要通过显著降低收获穗数和千粒重,进而导致水稻产量降低的。

In order to investigate the effects of different salt stresses on the development characteristic and yield of japonica rice in coastal areas,different salt stresses(1.82‰,2.73‰,3.64‰,4.55‰)were artificially set up using pot culture.Five rice varieties were used as materials to study the effects of different salt stresses on the development?characteristic and yield of japonica rice.The results obtained were described as follows.With the increase of salt content,the survival rate of rice seedlings decreased,and the survival rate of Yangeng-219 seedlings was the highest.The emergence of peak tillering of rice under salt stress was slightly delayed ranging from 1 week to 4 weeks.The plant height and accumulation of dry matter in a single pot at maturity gradually reduced with the increase of salt content.The SPAD value and nitrogen content of the leaves of Yangeng-252,Yangeng-269,and Yangeng-939 during the full heading stage gradually declined with the raise of salt content.The SPAD value and nitrogen content of the leaves of Yanfeng-47 and Yangeng-219 during the full heading stage gradually degraded with the increment of salt content in the range of 1.75‰to 3.50‰,and slightly increased under 4.375‰stress.