制造业企业何以构建数字化能力?——基于资源编排理论的案例研究

How Can Manufacturing Enterprises Build Digital Capabilities?A Case Study Based on Resource Orchestration Theory

制造业企业数字化转型的关键在于构建数字化新能力,目前学界对数字化能力构建机制研究不足。运用探索性单案例研究方法,基于资源编排理论,探究了数字资源基础薄弱的制造业企业数字化能力的构建机制。研究发现:(1)不同阶段数字化战略与资源条件驱动制造业企业采取不同的资源编排组合,对应于工具级、流程级、组织级和生态级数字化战略,分别采取集聚式、协同式、整合式和赋能式资源编排组合。(2)差异化资源编排促进数字化能力的快速构建与发展演化,表现为单点突破阶段通过资源—能力转化机制,构建起数字化能力点;流程互联阶段通过资源—能力转化机制与能力—能力复制机制,发展为数字化能力链;网络整合阶段通过资源—能力转化机制与能力—能力拓展机制,演进至数字化能力组合;生态协同阶段通过资源—能力转化机制与能力—能力外迁机制,最终趋向数字化能力体系。旨在丰富数字化能力研究,为制造业企业数字化转型实践提供借鉴。

The key to digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises lies in building new digital capabilities.Currently,there are insuficient researches on the mechanism of building digital capabilities in academia.Using an exploratory single-case study approach,based on resource orchestration theory,this paper explores the building mechanism of digital capabilities in manufacturing enterprises with weak digital resource bases.The research found that:Firstly,different digital strategies and resource conditions drive manufacturing enterprises to adopt appropriate resource orchestration combinations.Corresponding to tool-level,process-level,organization-level,and ecology-level digital strategy,manufacturing enterprises adopt agglomerative,collaborative,integrated,and enabling resource orchestration.Secondly,differentiated resource orchestration combinations promote the rapid construction and evolution of digital capabilities.The single point breakthrough stage builds up a digital capability point through the resource capability transformation mechanism.The process interconnection stage develops into a digital capability chain through the resource capability transformation mechanism and capability-capability replication mechanism.The network integration stage evolves into a digital capability portolio through the resource capability transformation mechanism and capability-capability expansion mechanism.The ecological synergy stage converges into a digital capability system through the resource capability transformation mechanism and capability-capability out migration mechanism.This study enriches the research on digital capabilities and provides reference for the digital transformation practice of manufacturing enterprises.