水刀辅助破岩技术的搭载及应用

Carrying and Application of Water Jet Cutter-Assisted Rock Breaking Technology

为解决硬岩隧道掘进机在硬岩地层掘进时遇到的掘不动、掘进慢等难题,研发出一种掘进机搭载辅助破岩系统,即在现有硬岩掘进机开挖系统的基础上集成水射流破岩技术,在水射流与滚刀共同作用下进行破岩。针对水刀辅助破岩技术的搭载及应用进行研究:1)系统介绍辅助破岩系统的搭载设计理念,并对其配套的射流系统泵站、输送系统、喷射系统等进行工作原理和性能参数介绍。2)采用模拟现场工况试验的方法,实现水刀辅助破岩技术搭载的试验研究,得到破岩效果指标参数与高压水射流参数之间的关系。3)基于水刀辅助破岩搭载技术现场应用情况,采用实时采集数据的方法,得到应用过程中的试验方法、试验数据、掘进效果、环境温度、系统功率、存在问题等结果,并提出相应的解决措施。4)基于辅助破岩技术的现场工业性试验,提出辅助破岩技术的优化改进方向。结果表明:硬岩掘进机水刀辅助破岩技术的搭载及应用可行,270 MPa水压耦合掘进时场切深指数均值下降约38.1%,转矩切深指数下降约16.9%,破岩效果显著提升。然而,高压水系统的搭载带来隧道内温度的升高、高压水系统管路异常磨损2方面的问题,从而影响设备的正常掘进,是提升水刀辅助破岩搭载技术应用性的重点努力方向。

To address the challenging nature and slow tunneling of hard rock tunnel boring machines in the hard rock stratum,a tunnel boring machine equipped with a water jet cutter-assisted rock breaking system is developed.This system enables rock breaking through the integrated action of a water jet and a disc cutter.Certain aspects of water jet cutter-assisted rock breaking technology have been already studied:(1)The carrying and design concept of water jet cutter-assisted rock braking system is introduced,and the working principles and parameters of the jet system pump station,transport system,and jet system are presented.(2)An experimental test is conducted to obtain the relationship between the index parameters of rock breaking and high-pressure jet parameters.(3)The water jet cutter-assisted rock breaking technology is equipped and applied in the field.Further,the test measures and data,tunneling effect,environmental temperature,system power,and existing problems are obtained using real-time data collection,and corresponding measures are proposed.(4)The approaches for optimizing and improving the water jet cutter-assisted rock breaking technology are proposed based on the field tests.The results show that the water jet cutter-assisted rock breaking technology is feasible.The field and torque penetration indices under 270 MPa water pressure-coupled tunneling are reduced by 38.1%and 16.9%,respectively,demonstrating good rock breaking effect.Moreover,temperature increase in the tunnel and abnormal wear of high-pressure water pipelines should be addressed in the future as they affect the normal tunneling of equipment.