行为者的忠诚偏向效应:道德价值启动对道德行为及道德判断的影响

Differential Order Loyalty Bias Effect:The Influence of Interpersonal Intimacy and Moral Value Initiation on Behavior and Moral Judgment

基于道德基础理论,从行为者与观察者视角,考察道德行为与判断过程中的忠诚偏向效应,探讨忠诚偏向效应的行为者与观察者分离现象。研究发现,当个体是行为者时,在团体间竞争情境下,个体道德行为与判断出现忠诚偏向效应,更可能为团体利益做出忠诚不公平行为,对此行为给予更宽松的道德判断;公平价值启动会削弱这种效应;当个体作为观察者时,道德判断不存在忠诚偏向效应,表现出行为者和观察者的分离现象。

Based on moral foundation theory,this research examined the loyalty bias effect in the process of moral behavior and judgment from the perspectives of observers and actors,and explored the actor-observer separation phenomenon of the loyalty bias effect.The result showed that when participants were actors,in intergroup competition situations,individual moral behaviors and judgments showed a loyalty bias effect,which was more likely to commit loyalty unfair behaviors for the benefit of the group,and gave more lenient moral judgments to this behavior;such effect was weakened by fair value initiation.When participants were observers,the loyalty bias effect disappeared,showing a separation of actors and observers.