高质量发展视域下我国中医卫生资源配置效率评价

Evaluation of allocative efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine health resources in the view of high-quality development

[目的]评价我国30个省份中医卫生资源配置效率,为中医药卫生事业高质量发展提供参考。[方法]以产出为导向,借助DEAP 2.1软件开展BCC模型和Malmquist指数模型的中医卫生资源配置效率静态和动态分析。[结果]①静态效率表明,全国30个省份中只有8个呈DEA有效,辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、山西和内蒙古的综合效率低。②动态效率表明,2012-2020年我国中医卫生资源的全要素生产率变动由1.004下降到0.830。2017-2018年,全要素生产率变动逐步下降,2019-2020年达到最低(0.830);从不同省份的中医卫生资源配置效率来看,仅有广西、贵州、云南和甘肃4个省份的全要素生产率大于1,其余26个省份的全要素生产率都小于1,只有26.67%的省份呈DEA有效。进一步进行指数分解显示,26个省份中有16个省份的中医卫生资源配置效率受到技术效率变动的制约。[结论]2020年全国大多数省份呈规模报酬递减状态,技术变动是各省份全要素生产要素的重要影响因素。高质量发展视域下,应提高中医资源利用效率,合理控制发展规模,鼓励技术创新和人才培养,优化资源配置是中医药事业高质量发展的主要策略。

Objective To evaluate the allocative efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)health resources in 30 provinces,and provide a reference for the high-quality development of TCM health services.Methods In an output orientation and with the help of DEAP2.1 software,the static and dynamic analysis of the allocative efficiency of TCM health resource was carried out by BCC model and Malmquist index model.Results 1.The static efficiency showed that only 8 of the 30 provinces in China were DEA efficiency,and the comprehensive efficiencies of Liaoning,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Shanxi and Inner Mongolia were low.2.Dynamic efficiency showed that the change of total factor productivity(TFP)of TCM health resources decreased from 1.004 to 0.830 from 2012 to 2020.From 2017 to 2018,the change of TFP gradually decreased,and it reached the lowest point(0.830)from 2019 to 2020.In terms of the allocative efficiency of TCM health resources in different provinces,only four provinces,which were Guangxi,Guizhou,Yunnan and Gansu,had TFP greater than 1,while the other 26 provinces had TFP less than 1.Only 26.67%of provinces were DEA efficiency.Further index decomposition showed that the allocative efficiency of TCM health resources was restricted by the change of technical efficiency in 16 of 26 provinces.Conclusions In 2020,most provinces in China show diminishing returns to scale,and technological change is an important factor affecting the total factor productivity in each province.From the perspective of high-quality development,the main strategies for the high-quality development of TCM are to improve the utilization efficiency of TCM resources,rationally control the scale of development,encourage technological innovation and personnel training,and optimize resource allocation.