突发公共卫生事件下血液管理应对措施与建议

Countermeasures and suggestions of blood management under public health emergencies

目的分析突发公共卫生事件下医院用血变化情况,为制定血液管理方案提供参考依据。方法采用χ^(2)检验分析2018年1月—2021年12月长兴县妇幼保健医院不同年份、不同科室、不同病种用血变化情况。结果2021年输血人次为59人次,高于2019年、2020年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。红细胞所用占比较高,为39.15%(P<0.05)。儿科所用红细胞、血浆占比较多,分别为43.10%、46.72%;产科所用血小板、冷沉淀占比较多,分别为53.48%、55.79%,不同科室比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。O型血占比较高,为35.55%(P<0.05)。创伤性损伤等疾病所用红细胞、血浆占比均较高,分别为30.46%、29.34%(P<0.05)。结论突发公共卫生事件下医院用血量明显增多,为避免血液供应不足,应合理规划医院用血措施,并提高医护人员用血的正确认知,确保患者可在第一时间获得治疗。

Objective To analyze the changes of hospital blood use under public health emergencies,and provide reference for the formulation of blood management plans.Methods χ^(2) test was used to analyze the changes of blood use in Changxing County Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January,2018 to December,2021 in different years,departments and diseases.Results The number of blood transfusions in 2021 was 59,which was higher than that in 2019 and 2020(P<0.05).Red blood cells accounted for 39.15%,which was a relatively high proportion(P<0.05).Red blood cells(43.10%)and plasma(46.72%)used in pediatrics accounted for more,and platelets(53.48%)and cryoprecipitate(55.79%)used in obstetrics accounted for more(P<0.05).Blood type O accounted for 35.55%,which was a relatively high proportion(P<0.05).The proportion of red blood cells(30.46%)and plasma(29.34%)used in traumatic injuries and other diseases was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The amount of blood used in hospitals increased significantly under public health emergencies.In order to avoid insufficient blood supply,hospital blood use measures should be reasonably planned,and the correct understanding of blood use by medical staff should be improved to ensure that patients can receive treatment as soon as possible.