宋代城市楼阁类型与空间形态研究

Study on the Types and Spatial Forms of Urban Pavilions in Song Dynasty

城市楼阁是中国历史景观的显性符号,是特定历史语境下社会建构的产物。由此,从历史文化语境中去理解城市楼阁,有助于认知其符号内涵。文章以宋代城市楼阁为研究对象,首先,通过《全宋文》251个城市楼阁文记和《宋元方志丛刊》相关图文印证,指出城市楼阁是儒家城市重要的景观符号;其次,分析儒家“天—君—民”公私观思想下楼阁的建设动因,从而导出形胜型、礼制型、乐教型的3类城市楼阁类型;最后,结合宋代城池图及山水画,总结3类城市楼阁的空间形态特征。

Urban pavilions are the dominant symbol of Chinese historical landscape and the product of social construction in a specific historical context.Therefore,it is helpful to understand the symbolic connotation of urban pavilions from the historical and cultural context.This paper takes the urban pavilions of Song Dynasty as the object of study.Firstly,it points out that the urban pavilions are the important landscape symbol of Confucian city through 251 urban pavilions in All Song Wen and the Local Chronicles Series of Song and Yuan Dynasty.Secondly,the paper analyzes the construction motivation of pavilions under the Confucianist"heaven-king-people"concept of public and private,and then derives three types of urban pavilions,namely the form of victory,the ritual system and the music and education.Finally,combined with the city map and landscape painting of Song Dynasty,summarize the spatial form characteristics of the three types of urban pavilions.