抚育技术对金佛山方竹笋生长影响及其经济效益

Effect of Tending Technology on Growth of Chimonobambusa utilis Shoots and Its Economic Benefits

以云南省威信县麟凤镇4年生金佛山方竹笋用林为研究对象,布设“施尿素+林分结构调整”(Ⅰ)、“施复合肥+林分结构调整”(Ⅱ)、“林分结构调整”(Ⅲ)和对照(CK)4个处理的田间试验,分析不同抚育措施对竹笋生长、产量、产值和经济效益的影响,筛选生态高效的抚育措施组合,为金佛山方竹笋用林合理经营提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)不同抚育措施对金佛山方竹笋生长影响明显,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的出笋数量分别比CK提高146.15%、84.61%和69.23%,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ的地径分别是CK的1.31倍、1.24倍;(2)不同抚育措施对金佛山方竹笋产量和经济效益影响显著,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的竹笋产量分别是CK的5.35倍、3.22倍、1.65倍,经济效益分别较CK提高492.26%、205.59%、68.53%;(3)不同抚育措施与生态经济可持续发展关系密切,“施尿素+林分结构调整”是金佛山方竹笋用林高效培育技术措施的首选,“施复合肥+林分结构调整”则是生态高效培育的重要技术措施,“林分结构调整”具有经济实用、环境友好的特点,是生态培育的关键技术措施。

A field experiment is conducted on a 4-year-old Chimonobambusa utilis bamboo shoot forest in Linfeng Town,Weixin County,Yunnan Province,with four treatments of"urea application+stand structural adjustment"(Ⅰ),"compound fertilizer application+stand structural adjustment"(Ⅱ),"stand structural adjustment"(Ⅲ),and control(CK),to study the effects of different tending measures on the growth,yield,output value and economic benefits of bamboo shoots and then select the ecologically efficient combination of tending measures,which is aimed at providing a scientific basis for the management of Ch.utilis bamboo shoot forest.The results show:(1)Different tending measures have significant effects on the growth of Ch.utilis bamboo shoots.The number of shoots under treatments I,II,and III increases by 146.15%,84.61%,and 69.23%compared to the CK,respectively.The ground diameter of bamboo under treatments I and II is 1.31 and 1.24 times that of the CK,respectively;(2)Different tending measures have significant effects on the yield and economic benefits of Ch.utilis bamboo shoots.The yield of bamboo shoots under treatments I,II,and III is 5.35 times,3.22 times,and 1.65 times higher than the CK,respectively,and the economic benefits increase by 492.26%,205.59%,and 68.53%compared to the CK;and (3)Different tending measures are closely related to the sustainable ecological and economic development."Urea application+stand structural adjustment"is the priority choice for the tending of Ch.utilis bamboo shoot forest."Compound fertilizer application+stand structural adjustment"is an important technique for ecologically efficient cultivation."Stand structural adjustment"is a key technology for ecologically-friendly cultivation due to its characteristics of economical feasibility and environmental friendliness.