早熟高产小麦品种川麦1247的灌浆特性和功能基因研究

Grain filling characteristics and functional genes of early maturity and high yield wheat variety Chuanmai 1247

【目的】研究早熟小麦品种川麦1247的灌浆特性和功能基因,为今后四川盆地早熟高产小麦新品种的选育提供参考。【方法】以四川盆地目前推广种植的早、中、晚3种熟性的高产小麦品种为材料,用Logistic方程对籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合,推导出一系列灌浆参数,通过相关分析对籽粒灌浆参数与粒重的关系进行探讨,并利用小麦50K SNP基因芯片对川麦1247的功能基因进行检测。【结果】川麦1247全生育期较四川大面积推广中熟品种提早4~5 d,较晚熟品种提早7 d。与其他品种相比,川麦1247的抽穗期较早,灌浆持续时间较短,且平均灌浆速率较高。从灌浆3个阶段来看,川麦1247的灌浆快增期、缓增期持续时间较短,而灌浆渐增期、缓增期的灌浆速率较高。从不同熟性小麦品种籽粒灌浆速率变化动态来看,早熟品种能持续保持较快的灌浆速度,且灌浆高峰的峰值高。利用50K SNP基因芯片对川麦1247的功能基因进行分型表明,川麦1247含光周期基因Ppd-D1a、春化基因vrn-A1、Vrn-D1a以及正向控制千粒重基因(TaSus2-2A、TaGASR-7A、TaGW2-6B、TaSus1-7B、TaGS1a和TaGS-D1a)的聚合效应可能是川麦1247在早熟、高产性状上表现优良的重要原因。【结论】川麦1247灌浆速率高,可以弥补灌浆期缩短的不利影响,同时还聚合早熟、高产相关优异功能基因资源。因此,川麦1247在当前生产上和早熟小麦育种中均具有较高的利用价值。

【Objective】The analysis on grain filling characteristics and functional genes of early maturity wheat variety Chuanmai 1247 can provide reference for breeding new early maturity and high yield wheat varieties in the Sichuan Basin in the future.【Method】Using early,middle and late maturity high yield wheat varieties widely planted in the Sichuan Basin as materials,the Logistic equation was used to describe grain filling processes,and a series of grain filling parameters were derived from it.The relationship between grain filling parameters and grain weight was analyzed by correlation analysis,and the functional genes of Chuanmai 1247 were detected by Wheat 50K SNP array.【Result】The whole growth duration of Chuanmai 1247 was 4-5 days earlier than that of middle maturity varieties widely planted in Sichuan,and 7 days earlier than that of the late maturity varieties.Compared with other varieties,Chuanmai 1247 had earlier heading date,shorter grain filling duration and higher average grain filling rate.Judging from the three stages of grain filling,the grain filling duration of the rapid and slowly increase periods of Chuanmai 1247 were shorter,while the grain filling rate of the gradual and slowly increase periods were higher.According to the changing trend of grain filling rate of wheat varieties with different maturity,early maturity varieties could keep fast grain filling rate,and the peak value of grain filling process was higher.The results of functional genotyping of Chuanmai 1247 by Wheat 50K SNP array showed that Chuanmai 1247 contained photoperiod sensitivity gene Ppd-D1a,vernalization genes vrn-A1 and Vrn-D1a,and genes TaSus2-2A,TaGASR-7A,TaGW2-6B,TaSus1-7B,TAGS1a and TaGS-D1a which positively controlled thousand kernel weight.The pyramiding effects of the above genes might be an important reason for excellent performance in early maturity and high yield traits of Chuanmai 1247.【Conclusion】Chuanmai 1247 had a high grain filling rate,which could make up for the adverse effects of shortening grain filling duration,and also agglomerated the excellent functional gene resources related to early maturity and high yield.Therefore,Chuanmai 1247 had high utilization value in current production and early maturity wheat breeding.