综合肺康复训练对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能及生活质量的影响

Effects of comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation training on lung function and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的:探讨综合肺康复训练应用于老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者对其肺功能及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2020年7月至2022年6月上海交通大学医学院苏州九龙医院收治的老年COPD患者118例,按干预方式不同分为对照组和观察组,各59例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组实施综合肺康复训练干预。对比2组干预前后肺功能、6 min步行距离、自我管理能力、依从性及生活质量变化情况。结果:观察组干预6个月后第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(forced expiratory volume in the first second,FEV_(1))、用力肺活量(forced vital capacity,FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积占肺活量比值(FEV_(1)/FVC)、最大呼气中段流速(maximum midexpiratory flow,MMEF)、呼气峰值流速(peak expiratory flow,PEF)水平均高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组干预6个月后6 min步行距离长于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预6个月后症状管理、情绪管理、自我效能管理、信息管理、日常生活管理评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组干预6个月后锻炼依从性高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预6个月后运动受限、疾病影响、症状限制、总分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:综合肺康复训练应用于老年COPD患者可增强其肺功能水平,提高步行能力、自我管理能力及依从性,改善生活质量,值得推广。

Objective:To explore the effects of comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation training on lung function and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 118 elderly patients with COPD treated in Suzhou Jiulong Hospital,School of Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 2020 to June 2022 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group according to different intervention methods,each group with 59 cases.The control group was given routine intervention,and the observation group was given comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation training intervention.The changes of lung function,6-minute walking distance,selfmanagement ability,compliance and quality of life were compared between the 2 groups before and after the intervention.Results:The levels of forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV_(1)),forced vital capacity(FVC),FEV_(1)/FVC,maximum midexpiratory flow(MMEF),and peak expiratory flow(PEF)in the observation group after 6 months of intervention were higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The 6-minute walking distance in the observation group was longer than that of the control group(P<0.05);the symptoms management,emotion management,self-efficacy management,information management,and daily life management scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after 6 months of intervention(all P<0.05);the compliance of exercise in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after 6 months of intervention(P<0.05).The exercise restriction,disease impact,symptom limitation,and total scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after 6 months of intervention,and there were significant differences(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of comprehensive lung rehabilitation training in elderly patients with COPD can enhance their lung function,improve their walking ability,selfmanagement ability and compliance,and improve their quality of life,which is worthy of promotion.