区域旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响及其时空分异

The Impact of Tourism Development on Green Efficiency of Water Resources in China and Its Spatio-temporal Differentiation

旅游发展对水资源的利用具有较强的空间关联性及高度弹性。基于经济绿色发展战略背景,论证中国旅游发展是否促进水资源绿色效率具有重要意义。文章基于2010—2020年中国30省域的面板数据,采用SBM-DEA模型测算各地水资源绿色效率,运用空间面板计量模型,探究旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响及区域差异。研究发现:①中国水资源绿色效率呈现先减后增的趋势,区域差异性较大,内部不均衡显著,水资源绿色效率总体表现为东部>西部>中部。②旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响呈“U”型曲线特征。在不同阶段,旅游发展对水资源绿色效率的影响存在明显差异。在旅游发展影响水资源绿色效率中,科技创新介入和产业结构优化发挥了较为重要的渠道效应。③从分区域回归结果看,旅游发展对水资源绿色效率影响的“U”型曲线特征,在东部、中部表现较为显著,在西部的显著性较弱。④在控制变量中,科技创新、产业结构优化、环境规制、人口规模都显著影响东部水资源绿色效率,但环境规制、人口规模对西部的影响不显著。

Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2010 to 2020,this paper uses SBM-DEA model to calculate the green efficiency of water resources in each region.It explores the impact of tourism development on the green efficiency of water resources and regional differences by the means of spatial panel econometric model.The results show that:1)The green efficiency of water resources in China decreases first and then increases,and the regional differences are large,and the internal imbalance is significant.The values of overall green efficiency of water resources which show the decreasing trend in China are higher in the eastern region than that in the central region and the lowest in the western region.2)The influence of tourism development on the green efficiency of water resources shows a U-shaped curve.There are obvious differences in the influence of tourism development on the green efficiency of water resources on different stages.Scientific and technological innovation and industrial structure optimization play an important role in the influence of tourism development on water resource green efficiency.3)According to the results of sub-regional regression,the impact of tourism development on water resource green efficiency has obvious U-shaped curve characteristics in the eastern and central regions compares with the western regions.4)Among the control variables,scientific and technological innovation,industrial structure optimization,environmental regulation and population size all significantly affect the green efficiency of water resources in the eastern region,but environmental regulation and population size have no significant impact on the western region.